Journal: Migration and Society Local faith actors are deeply involved in assisting refugees around the world. Their place in refugee response, however, can be in parallel with and, at times, in disagreement with the efforts of international humanitarian organizations. Focusing…
Published: 2018
Author:Olivia Wilkinson
In July 2015, The Lancet published a series on faith-based health care. The Executive Summary states that “this Series argues that building on the extensive experience, strengths, and capacities of faith-based organisations (eg, geographical coverage, influence, and infrastructure) offers a…
Published: 2015
Guidance on mental health and psychosocial programming This guidance has been developed in phases. A desk review looking at the literature relevant to faith-sensitive psychosocial programming, followed by fieldwork in LWF and IRW country offices (Kenya, Jordan and Nepal), led…
Published: 2018
Author:Lutheran World Federation, Islamic Relief Worldwide
102 UNICEF offices provided information about their extensive work with faith communities over recent years. Partnerships included sensitization activities, capacity development, and support for advocacy and social mobilization. The mapping report concludes: “With evidence of UNICEF’s extensive engagement with religious communities in plain view, UNICEF must now turn its attention to maximizing the benefits of its partnerships with these critical actors”
Published: 2015
Author:UNICEF
A tenth anniversary guide for reflection and discussion The Kyoto Declaration has served as an invaluable resource for those engaged in multi-religious cooperation and advocacy for children. It explicitly recommends prohibition of corporal punishment and has provided a guide for…
Published: 2016
Author:CNNV, Global Initiative to End All Corporal Punishment of Children, Save the Children
In December 2013, representatives from 12 faith-based organisations came together to explore and articulate a theory of change for faith group and community mobilisation. The process examined assumptions about what success looks like and how we contribute to change; and specifically analyzed the role of faith, drawing on any existing evidence base. A small working group then met together in July 2014 to draw together the theory of change. Throughout the process, the group was careful to surface both similarities and differences. The theory of change diagram captures the core underlying beliefs that the group hold in common, while the narrative explains the diagram, fills in more detail and highlights areas of debate and that need further learning and testing.
Published: 2014
Author:JLI F&LC
This note to religious communities developed by Arigatou International for the World Day of Prayer and Action, outlines the scope and consequences of child marriage. It also provides examples of practical action, which religious communities can take all year long…
Published: 2012
This Guide for Action and Advocacy was written by Arigatou International to support religious communities that wish to work with other sectors of society in promoting Universal Birth Registration. It outlines and explains the need for universal birth registration and…
Published: 2012
“Sustained Relational Collaborations”. Rev Bob Mitchell's words on behalf of the Church Agencies Network.
Published: 2016
Author:Rev Bob Mitchell
Published: 2014
The articles that compose this publication come from presentations at the Women’s Human Rights Advocacy Training for Faith-Based Organizations and articulate both the religious aspect, grounded in theology, and the human rights dimension, with its standards and working methods. The…
Published: 2019
Salvation Army International Magazine Salvation Army Website [embed]https://issuu.com/salvationarmyihq/docs/atw-oct_2017-web[/embed]
Published: 2017
The Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) has offices in 17 countries across Asia, the most disaster- prone region of the world. ADRA recognizes the importance and urgency of increasing resilience to disasters through an inclusive, integrated community-managed disaster risk…
Published: 2017
Author:ADRA International
The central argument in the paper is that development is primarily about safeguarding and enhancing the dignity of human beings. Human dignity originates from God who has singled out humankind from other creations and favoured it in several ways. We are the only creatures that contain the Divine spirit which was placed in humankind by God during creation (Qur’an, 15:29). God has also distinguished humans from the rest of creation by endowing us with intellect (‘aql). Further, God has given humans the custodianship (khalifa) of the rest of creation on earth.
Published: 2014
Research study, July 2019 Demands for both sustainability and value for money means that traditional NGO approaches to implementing projects may no longer be appropriate. An alternative approach called Church and Community Mobilisation Process (CCMP) is gaining traction in many…
Published: 2019
Author:Steffie Kemp and Rob Maclennan
Nation Unies Conference Sur les Changements Climatiques 2015 COP21/CMP11 The Paris Agreement on Climate Change is an important milestone in climate change policy and diplomacy. It demonstrates the success of a multilateral process that lasted several years and that was…
Published: 2016
From 2011 until June 2016, the Australia Africa Community Engagement Scheme (AACES) program worked across eleven countries in Africa (Ethiopian, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe), in three general sectors (food security, maternal and…
Published: 2017
Author:Anglican Overseas Aid
Behind closed doors – voices against gender-based violence, human trafficking and modern-day slavery. Launched at an event on Wed 28th June 2017 in the House of Lords hosted by Baroness Butler-Sloss and presented by the Revd Dr Carrie Pemberton Ford, of CCARHT…
Published: 2017
Author:Revd Dr Carrie Pemberton Ford, Cambridge Centre for Applied Research in Human Trafficking
This process is based on Tearfund’s experience in the Philippines, in response to Typhoon Haiyan (2013). Typhoon Haiyan (locally named Yolanda) hit the Philippines on 8 November, 2013. Humanitarian assistance focused on some of the hardest hit areas in the…
Published: 2018
Children in Syria live under the constant threat of violence. The blatant flouting of international humanitarian and human rights law has earned this crisis the dubious honour of being recognised as the most significant humanitarian protection crisis in living memory.1…
Published: 2018
Author:Virginia Gamba
Published: 2014
Author:Christian Aid
Building a Just World examines The Salvation Army's contribution to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) - the UN's sustainable development programme between 2000 and 2015. Using data collected by The Salvation Army during that period, this report aims to give…
Published: 2017
The contents of this report have been drawn from 40 interviews with senior development professionals held during February and March 2015. A small number of members of faith-based organisations
(FBOs) also took part. The exercise was commissioned by the Joint Learning Initiative on Faith and Local Communities (JLIF&LC) to understand the key opportunities and challenges that could be addressed through the forthcoming conference on public sector partnering with FBOs.
Published: 2015
Author:McKinsey & Co with JLI
For more than 15 years “Fundacion Una Brisa de Esperanza” (Breeze of Hope Foundation) has been using an innovative approach for comprehensive management for children victims of sexual violence. This document of the case study does not use religious language…
Published: 2017
Channels of Hope (CoH) is an interactive, facilitated process to create a safe space for faith leaders and faith communities to learn, share and debate. It reaches to the root causes and deepest convictions that impact attitudes, norms, values and…
Published: 2016
Author:World Vision
This document introduces the Channels of Hope approach to engaging Faith Leaders for challenging harmful practices and enacting social change in their communities, providing a summary of evidence regarding the effectiveness and impact of the five Channels of Hope programmes:…
Published: 2016
Channels of Hope research findings presentation- Building the evidence base on the role of local faith leaders to critical issues to enhance outcomes towards SDGs *Presentation for Dec 2016 Mobilization of Local Faith Communities Hub meeting Christo Greyling
Published: 2016
Author:Rev Christo Greyling
Abstract:The Qualitative Impact Protocol (QuIP) was commissioned by the faith-based charity Tearfund to gain deeper insight into its Church and Community Mobilisation (CCM) programme in Uganda. CCM is based on a theory of development which is centred on self-empowerment and…
Published: 2019
Author:James Copestake, Michelle James, Marlies Morsink and Charlotte Flowers
Child Focused Community Transformation (CFCT) is Food for the Hungry’s (FH) model for transformational development. At the heart of the CFCT model is the welfare of the most vulnerable population in most societies - children. The CFCT model grew out…
Published: 2016
Author:Andrew Barnes, Ryan Smedes, Luis Noda, Victor Cortez, Celeste Brown
Published: 2015
Author:Church Partnership Program
The ACT Alliance climate change advocacy framework position paper is designed as a broad outline of the policy areas and approaches that the alliance is working on. It serves as the general vision and guide for ACT Alliance’s climate change…
Published: 2017
This publication sets out Islamic Relief’s policy on climate change. It builds on the foundation of Islamic perspectives and scientific evidence described in the Islamic Relief Climate Change Policy of December 2014. Outlining policy messages for Islamic Relief programmes, partners…
Published: 2019
Author:Islamic Relief
This publication sets out Islamic Relief’s policy on climate change. It builds on the foundation of Islamic perspectives and scientific evidence described in the Islamic Relief Climate Change Policy of December 2014. Outlining policy messages for Islamic Relief programmes, partners…
Published: 2019
An Exploratory Study to Examine the Effectiveness of Community Based Ebola Virus Disease Prevention and Management Strategies in Bo District Sierra Leone World Vision Sierra Leone and Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration on World Vision's Ebola Response in Sierra Leone.…
Published: 2017
Author:Anbrasi Edward, Casey Risko, Hossein Zare, Meera Pranav, Tiffany Tran, Allieu Bangura, Michael Belmoh and Raymond Owusu
In diverse contexts, community-based child protection mechanisms (CBCPMs) are front line efforts to protect children from exploitation, abuse, violence, and neglect and to promote children’s well-being.2 Defined broadly, CBCPMs include all groups or networks at grassroots level that respond to…
Published: 2014
Author:Kostelny, K., Wessells, M., & Ondoro, K.
21st-23rd March 2018 United Nations Strategic Learning Exchange on Religion, Development and Humanitarian Work under the patronage of HRH Prince El Hassan bin Talal, in Amman, Jordan The Strategic Learning Exchange (SLE) is a partnership effort stewarded by the UN…
Published: 2018
DECLARATION “Conference on the Role of Religions and Religious Leaders in Confronting Corporal Punishment of Children in the Family and Educational Settings” Qom – October 20, 2011 During 19th - 20th October 2011, religious leaders from different faiths in Iran…
Published: 2011
Author:Religious leaders, Qom, Iran in collaboration with UNICEF, Iran
Development Across Faith Boundaries investigates the dynamics of cross-faith partnerships in a range of development contexts, from India, Cambodia and Myanmar, to Melanesia, Bosnia, Ethiopia and Afghanistan. The book demonstrates how far FBOs extend their activities beyond their own faith communities…
Published: 2016
Author:Anthony Ware, Matthew Clarke
Development in Practice has recently published a special edition issue on Faith and Health in Development Contexts- July 2017. See Full Journal Here Preview of Articles in the special edition: Guest introduction: faith and health in development contexts Christopher Benn Faith…
Published: 2017
Author:Develpment in Practice
Disaster Ministry Handbook Jamie D. Aten and David M. Boan, Downers Grove, IL: IVP Books, 2016. Dr. Jamie Aten is the founder and co-director of the Humanitarian Disaster Institute and Dr. Arthur P. Rech and Mrs. Jean May…
Published: 2016
Author:Jamie D. Aten and David M. Boan
Progress Study on Youth, Peace and Security Prepared by the Soka Gakkai International October 2017 In March 2011, the northeast region of Japan known as Tohoku1 was hit by a natural disaster of enormous magnitude: The Great East Japan Earthquake.…
Published: 2017
Guidelines for church leaders in areas where disasters (earthquakes, fires, flood etc.) are common. Chapters include: Introduction Chapter 1 – The local church and disasters Chapter 2 – Organising ourselves Chapter 3 – Risks, needs and capacity assessments Chapter 4 – Displaced people…
Published: 2011
In 2011, World Vision began a new five-year anti-trafficking programme, ‘End Trafficking in Persons’ (ETIP), across the six countries of the GMS region. The overall goal of the programme was to contribute to the mitigation of the human trafficking problem…
Published: 2017
Effective prevention and response to gender-based violence (GBV) require a well-planned and coordinated effort among an array of organizations, disciplines, and sectors. In populations affected by conflict, there are additional and specific threats and risks that require action in order…
Published: 2019
Ending Corporal Punishment of Children- a handbook for multi-religious gatherings This resource, which has been written in collaboration with religious leaders and faith-based communities, is based on the premises that the major religions profess respect for the inherent dignity of…
Published: 2016
Author:Save the Children, Global Initiative to End Corporal Punishment of Children, Churches’ Network for Non-violence
Abid Gulzar from World Vision on behalf of the Advocacy Working Group for the Localization of Humanitarian Response Forum to the ICVA meeting in Bangkok in December
Published: 2017
Published: 2014
Report of an independent mid-term evaluation of the Faiths United for Health program, a pilot program of the Nigerian Inter-Faith Action Association (NIFAA) that uses an interfaith action approach to train Muslim and Christian religious leaders to educate and motivate Nigerians to undertake behavior change in the fight against malaria. This report details NIFAA’s promising early work to mobilize religious leaders to use their influence to increase usage rates of insecticide-treated bed nets, as well as increasing other action against malaria. Produced with funding support from GHR Foundation.
Published: 2014
Mozambique’s Interfaith Program against Malaria (PIRCOM) developed the volunteer, Christian and Muslim sermon guide. They provide basic facts about malaria prevention and health seeking behavior, providing scriptural texts in support of the actions that a family should be taking. These…
Published: 2010
Author:PIRCOM Programa Inter-Religioso Contra a Malaria, USAID and C-Change Communication for Change
On October 16 -18, over 185 participants and 85 organisations gathered at the General Curia for the Society of Jesus in Rome, Italy for the Faith Action for Children on the Move – Global Partners Forum. The Forum was co-organised…
Published: 2018
Author:Faith Action for Children on the Move
Religion & Humanitarian Assistance in West Africa Since the 1980s, programs of humanitarian assistance in Africa have for the most part operated along neoliberal lines. Faith and Charity examines how that approach has changed relationships between religious action, humanitarian assistance,…
Published: 2017
Author:MARIE NATHALIE LEBLANC AND LOUIS AUDET GOSSELIN
On November 20, 2019, the international community will commemorate the 30th anniversary of the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) by the United Nations General Assembly. The CRC has been ratified by 196 States, making…
Published: 2019
Author:Akila Aggoune, Savitri Goonesekere, Janet Nelson, Rebeca Rios-Kohn and Jonathan Todres
Nigeria’s vibrant and dynamic religious landscape plays many roles in the nation’s life and development. It is also a factor, albeit a complex one, in conflicts and violence that many see as linked to religious divides. Religious institutions have deep…
Published: 2018
Author:Georgetown University
This book was first published at the beginning of the twenty-first century. A joint project of the United Nations Environment Programme and the Interfaith Partnership for the Environment, it was titled Earth and Faith: A Book of Reflection for Action.…
Published: 2020
Author:UN environment programme, Parliament of the World's Religions
The UN Environment Foresight Briefs are published by UN Environment to, among others, highlight a hotspot of environmental change, feature an emerging science topic, or discuss a contemporary environmental issue. This is an opportunity to find out what is happening…
Published: 2018
Author:Iyad Abumoghli
Since the dawn of history, faith has provided a foundation from which social norms develop - an estimated 83.6 percent of the world’s population considers itself affiliated with a faith. This underscores the critical role that religious leaders can play…
Published: 2017
Author:Danish Aziz
The focus of this volume is on religious actors as important social actors or drivers of change, particularly as promoters of social change, democracy and development. It is an acknowledgement of the vital role that religious communities and similar organised…
Published: 2013
The factor "faith" receives too little attention in global development cooperation despite the fact that human development is inseparably interwoven with worldview. The societies and cultures in which development projects are implemented are deeply influenced by religion. At the same…
Published: 2018
Author:PIRON Global Development: Matthias Boehning and Lilian Kurz
Faith holds a central part in the lives of many women and men, shaping notions of gender and relationships. In the context of Brazil, faith groups hold a variety of views on matters of gender justice and women’s rights, from…
Published: 2016
Interviews with different people and organizations about their distinctive roles in the human trafficking sector
Published: 2012
Author:World Faiths Development Dialogue
Global interfaith network that brings together religious leaders and faith organisations of diverse faith backgrounds to focus on a common agenda of family health and wellbeing http://faithtoactionetwork.org/our-network/
Published: 2016
Religious and faith-based organizations contribute substantially to international development as major donors to care for the most vulnerable. Political pressure is increasing in some quarters to cut public spending on foreign assistance leaving religious and voluntary sectors to fundraise for…
Published: 2017
Author:Center for Faith and the Common Good
This UNAIDS document describes the principle and rationale behind the Greater Involvement of People Living with HIV (GIPA) in national policies and programmes. It also discusses the challenges to implementing GIPA initiatives and describes a variety of effective ways to address these challenges.
Published: 1999
This excel spreadsheet contains all of the recommendations recorded by each of the discussion groups during the five working sessions of the conference: Health Systems Strengthening, Ebola & HIV, Sexual and Gender-based Violence, Humanitarian and Disaster Relief, and Large Scale…
Published: 2015
This Powerpoint presenation titled "Sarvodaya’s contribution to the SDGs 2015/16 and beyond" was presented at Sarvodaya's Annual General Meeting on 17th December 2016. The presentation highlights and discusses some of the main goals of the SDGs that Sarvodaya works in. Founded 59…
Published: 2016
Author:Chamindha Rajakaruna
The Government, Global Poverty and God’s Mission in the World declaration emerged as one result of a two-day consultation sponsored by Bread for the World Institute, Micah Challenge, and the Center for Applied Christian Ethics, and held at Wheaton College,…
Published: 2010
This guide provides information on how World Vision offices can integrate child marriage prevention and response into programming, including guidance on working with married children. In addition, the guide intends to support the development of country-specific technical approaches and new…
Published: 2019
Reflections on Health and Healing for Churches on Commemorative World Health Days This booklet includes 15 reflections on international commemorative health days from Dr Mwai Makoka WCC Programme Executive for Health and Healing, who emphasises that he is not a…
Published: 2020
Author:Mwai Makoka
Baseline research conducted in Manila, Philippines on sexual exploitation of young men advocating for NGOs including faith based organizations to work with this community in spite of prejudices against the LGBT community. Interesting faith perspectives of male sex workers included in the research.
Published: 2013
Author:Jarrett Davis, Glenn Miles
James Choi and Lincoln Lau for Mobilisation of Local Faith Communities Hub Webinar in May 2018
Published: 2018
Impact Evaluation Report 127 September 2020 Coverage for routine vaccines falls short of the global target of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Coverage is particularly low in low- and middle-income countries. A recent survey shows that less than a quarter of…
Published: 2020
Author:Angela Oyo-Ita, Xavier Bosch-Capblanch, Amanda Ross, Patrick Hanlon, Afiong Oku, Ekperonne Esu, Soter Ameh, Bisi Oduwole, Dachi Arikpo, Martin Meremikwu
The International Consortium on Nurturing Values and Spirituality in Early Childhood for the Prevention of Violence developed these country-specific advocacy booklets based on the reflections of religious leaders and other stakeholders collected during a series of roundtable discussions in 2019…
Published: 2020
The role of local churches in humanitarian and development responses Tearfund’s approach to humanitarian and development response is to work wherever possible with and through the local church. This is because, as a Christian NGO, Tearfund considers itself to have…
Published: 2017
Author:Lucie Woolley
The success of integrated sustainable development (ISD) entirely rests upon a firm foundation of sound analysis of the following: Start-up assessment, Well-being and assets, Structural causes of poverty, Vulnerabilities to shocks and climate change, Opportunity analysis.
Published: 2014
Interfaith initiatives respond to the violence and uneasy tensions of our times and interfaith efforts aim to confront the root causes, especially those that touch on religious beliefs and practices. Interfaith work looks to identify solutions in common values and…
Published: 2017
Faith-based organizations and religious groups are important partners in UNICEF's work to protect children across the globe. Communities of faith are important advocates for the rights and protection of vulnerable groups and key players in preventing and ending the exploitation…
Published: 2017
Author:UNICEF USA, the Global Partnership to End Violence Against Children
ICM Evidence Presentation Dec 2016 Case Study Evidence on Programs of Contributions of LFCs to Community Development and Humanitarian Needs Lincoln Lau
Published: 2016
Author:International Care Ministries
A brief look at Mennonite Central Committee’s Child Protection Programs through a quarterly compilation
Published: 2016
Author:multiple authors - see resource
December 2016 presentation about Islamic Relief's current program activities for the Mobilization of Local Faith Communities Hub. Presenter - Neelam Fida
Published: 2016
Author:Neelam Fida
The JLI convenes policymakers, academics and professionals to build and communicate evidence of religions’ and faith-based organizations’ roles in development work. Because of growing interest in environment related topics, JLI created a webinar series to discuss faith and climate work,…
Published: 2019
Working effectively with faith leaders to challenge harmful traditional practices Study Speakers Dr Elisabet le Roux is the Research Director at the Unit for Religion and Development Research Dr Brenda Bartelink is an anthropologist and scholar in the Academic Study of Religion…
Published: 2018
Author:JLI w/ Drs Lisa le Roux and Brenda Bartelink
The Organization of African Initiated Churches (OAIC) and International Care Ministries (ICM) have partnered up to learn from each other on monitoring, evaluation, and learning for organizations working through local faith communities. We spoke to Rev. Nicta Lubaale (OAIC) and…
Published: 2017
JLI Mobilisation of Local Faith Communities- March 2018 webinar slides Webinar Agenda: Hub Introduction and 2018 Work (Andrea Kaufmann) Role of Local Faith Actors in the context of the localisation agenda (Catriona Dejean) Lauren Kejeh, Tearfund and Lydia Tanner, The…
Published: 2018
Published: 2017
The aim of this report is to highlight evidence regarding the roles and impact that Local Faith Communities (LFCs) play in relation to urban refugees, with the aim of informing interconnected conversations around localisation and urbanisation. The international community is…
Published: 2017
Author:Olivia Wilkinson and Joey Ager
Mobilisation of Local Faith Communities Learning Hub Webinar: Sustainable Development Goals and role of religion and local faith communities
Published: 2018
Published: 2014
Published: 2018
Author:Stacy Nam
This book contains a series of group studies to help you live justly in six key areas of life: advocacy, prayer, consumption, generosity, relationships and creation care. They are designed to help you and those in your community in your…
Published: 2019
Author:Jason Fileta
This article examines the engagement of Indonesian Islamic civil society organisations in the international arena by paying particular attention to the role of the Islamic modernist movement, Muhammadiyah. Beyond its vibrant religious and social activism in the domestic context of…
Published: 2020
Author:Hilman Latief and Haedar Nashir
Resilience—the ability to anticipate, withstand and bounce back from external pressures and shocks—is an increasingly important construct in shaping humanitarian strategy by the international community (DFID 2011; UNICEF 2011; USAID 2012). Local faith communities (LFCs)—groupings of religious actors bonded through…
Published: 2014
Author:Joey Ager
10/3 Joint Learning Webinar For more information on the webinar see post below https://jliflc.com/2017/09/joint-learning-webinar-oxfam-america/ [embed]https://youtu.be/rvA0qTXXM48[/embed]
Published: 2017
Author:Tara Gingerich
This scoping research conducted by Oxfam America in Partnership with Harvard Divinity School, combining a literature review and interviews of more than 45 stakeholders, set out to examine the varying approaches and effectiveness in local humanitarian leadership by secular and…
Published: 2017
Author:TARA R. GINGERICH, DIANE L. MOORE, ROBERT BRODRICK, AND CARLEIGH BERIONT
The Forum on Localizing Response to Humanitarian Need was held on Oct 16-19 in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The Forum was organized as a follow on from the World Humanitarian Summit, responding to and reinforcing the localization of aid/Grand Bargain discussions, and…
Published: 2018
Author:Coordinating Editor: Olivia Wilkinson, PhD
Matthew Frost delivers opening remarks of the Religious & Faith-based Communities Perspectives Panel. To watch the video, please click the following link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRaCrT3dnJY
Published: 2015
Author:Matthew Frost
More than 65 million people are displaced globally, outpacing the international community’s ability to respond. Not only are more people displaced today, but they are displaced for longer, with the average duration of protracted refugee situations at the end of…
Published: 2016
The field of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) in humanitarian emergencies has shown remarkable development over the last two decades.1 Mental health was once a notable omission from the health priorities to be addressed in the context of humanitarian…
Published: 2014
Author:Joey Ager, Behailu Abebe and Alastair Ager
The aim is to provide MHPSS practitioners, policy and decision-makers easily-accessible information on resources and tools related to mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) that are useful in the case of an emergency.
Published: 2017
Author:MHPSS
Reflections on missionary and wider faith-based approaches to development Misean Cara is an Irish and international faith-based missionary movement working with poor, marginalised and vulnerable communities in more than 50 developing countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle…
Published: 2018
Author:Misean Cara
Conceptual Framework and Current Development Context July 2018 The missionary approach to development interventions is driven by the Christian inspiration and ethos of the global movement of missionary organisations1 (see Figure 1, above). Specific features of the missionary approach make…
Published: 2018
Author:Misean Cara
HOST: jliflc.com
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